Fundamentals of Nursing Q 46
After a myocardial infarction, a client is placed on a sodium-restricted diet. When the nurse is teaching the client about the diet, which meal plan would be the most appropriate to suggest?
A. 3 oz. broiled fish, 1 baked potato, ½ cup canned beets, 1 orange, and milk.
B. 3 oz. canned salmon, fresh broccoli, 1 biscuit, tea, and 1 apple.
C. A bologna sandwich, fresh eggplant, 2 oz fresh fruit, tea, and apple juice.
D. 3 oz. turkey, 1 fresh sweet potato, 1/2 cup fresh green beans, milk, and 1 orange.
Correct Answer: D. 3 oz. turkey, 1 fresh sweet potato, 1/2 cup fresh green beans, milk, and 1 orange
Canned fish and vegetables and cured meats are high in sodium. This meal does not contain any canned fish and/or vegetables or cured meats. Eat a Mediterranean?style diet—more bread, fruit, vegetables, and fish; less meat; and replace butter and cheese with products based on vegetable and plant oils (reduces total mortality and the risk of myocardial infarction).
Option A: Consume at least 7?g of omega?3 fatty acids per week from 2–4 portions of oily fish per week. If within 3?months of myocardial infarction and they are not achieving this, consider providing at least 1?g daily of omega?3?acid ethyl esters treatment licensed for secondary prevention after myocardial infarction for up to 4 years.
Option B: Choose foods with less sodium and prepare foods with little or no salt. To lower blood pressure, aim to eat no more than 2,300 milligrams of sodium per day. Reducing daily intake to 1,500 mg is desirable because it can lower blood pressure even further.
Option C: Processed meats, like hot dogs, sausage, and lunch meat, are loaded with sodium and nitrates. This can raise the blood pressure and the risk of another heart attack. High blood pressure is particularly dangerous because there usually aren’t any symptoms.