Fundamentals of Nursing Q 49
An autoclave is used to sterilize hospital supplies because:
A. More articles can be sterilized at a time.
B. Steam causes less damage to the materials.
C. A lower temperature can be obtained.
D. Pressurized steam penetrates the supplies better.
Correct Answer: D. Pressurized steam penetrates the supplies better.
An autoclave, an apparatus that sterilizes equipment by means of high-temperature pressurized steam, is used because it can destroy all forms of microorganisms, including spores. Autoclaves operate at high temperature and pressure in order to kill microorganisms and spores. They are used to decontaminate certain biological waste and sterilize media, instruments, and labware.
Option A: Autoclaves provide a physical method for disinfection and sterilization. They work with a combination of steam, pressure, and time. Autoclaves operate at high temperature and pressure in order to kill microorganisms and spores. They are used to decontaminate certain biological waste and sterilize media, instruments and lab ware. Regulated medical waste that might contain bacteria, viruses and other biological material are recommended to be inactivated by autoclaving before disposal.
Option B: The rate of exhaust will depend upon the nature of the load. Dry material can be treated in a fast exhaust cycle, while liquids and biological waste require slow exhaust to prevent boiling over of superheated liquids.
Option C: To be effective, the autoclave must reach and maintain a temperature of 121° C for at least 30 minutes by using saturated steam under at least 15 psi of pressure. Increased cycle time may be necessary depending upon the make-up and volume of the load.